How is latitude defined?

Latitude is defined as the distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees. This measurement is crucial in geography, as it helps to identify specific locations on Earth. The equator is designated as 0 degrees latitude, with values increasing to 90 degrees at the poles, both north and south. Latitude plays a significant role in climate, biodiversity, and even daylight exposure in different regions of the world.

The other options describe different geographic concepts. The height of an object above sea level pertains to altitude rather than latitude. The angle of the Earth's tilt related to the sun is relevant when discussing seasons and climate but does not define latitude. Lastly, the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian refers to longitude, which measures location in that direction rather than north or south. Understanding latitude is fundamental in various fields, including navigation, cartography, and environmental science.