What does emigration refer to?

Emigration specifically refers to the movement of individuals or groups out of their current location, often for the purpose of finding a new habitat or resource availability. In ecological terms, it is a critical aspect of population dynamics, influencing the size and structure of populations. When individuals leave their habitat, it can affect not only the local population numbers but also the genetic diversity and overall health of the species in that area.

This concept is key in understanding migration patterns, species interactions, and ecosystem dynamics. In contrast, the movement of individuals into an area is known as immigration, while changes in habitat and population growth address different ecological phenomena. Thus, "movement of individuals out of an area" accurately captures the essence of emigration, making it the correct answer.