What is the role of surface litter in soil health?

The role of surface litter in soil health is significant, primarily because it helps conserve moisture and adds organic matter to the soil. Surface litter, which consists of fallen leaves, plant materials, and decomposing organic matter, acts as a protective layer that can retain moisture, reducing evaporation from the soil surface. This moisture retention is crucial for maintaining soil health, especially in arid and semi-arid environments where water may be limited.

Additionally, as surface litter decomposes, it contributes organic matter back into the soil. This process enriches the soil with nutrients, enhances soil structure, and promotes biodiversity among soil organisms. Healthy soil with adequate organic matter supports a rich ecosystem of microorganisms that play vital roles in breaking down organic materials, cycling nutrients, and improving overall soil fertility.

In summary, the benefits provided by surface litter, such as moisture conservation and the addition of organic matter, are essential for sustaining healthy soils and supporting plant growth.