Which process characterizes active solar heating systems?

Active solar heating systems are characterized by the use of mechanical collectors to capture and convert solar energy into usable heat. These systems typically involve components such as pumps and fans that actively move the heated fluid or air throughout the space that is being heated. This mechanization allows for more efficient distribution of heat compared to passive systems, which rely solely on natural heat absorption and circulation without mechanical help.

Mechanical collectors can include various types of systems like flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, or other devices that enhance the capture and conversion of solar energy. They often involve circuitry to control the flow of fluids and ensure optimal heating performance. This reliance on mechanical components distinguishes active solar heating from passive systems, which instead incorporate architectural elements to maximize natural sun exposure and heat retention without the need for additional machinery.